Sprouts: Wannabe plants that are delicious and nutritional powerpacks

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SPROUTS: WANNABE PLANTS THAT ARE DELICIOUS AND NUTRITIONAL POWERPACKS

Blog > Sprouts: Wannabe plants that are delicious and nutritional powerpacks

Sprouts: Wannabe plants that are delicious and nutritional powerpacks

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Sprouts: Wannabe plants that are delicious and nutritional powerpacks
For conceiving and contributing majorly to today’s newsletter we wish to acknowledge Karthik Rajan, Co-Founder and CEO of LivFresh

What are Sprouts?


Sprouts are seeds that have just begun to grow and aren’t quite plants yet. They tend to be calorie light and nutrient dense. Grains, legumes, nuts and some vegetables can be sprouted to unleash their nutritional magic

Medicinally and nutritionally, sprouts have a long history. Ancient Chinese & Indian physicians recognized and prescribed sprouts for curing many disorders over 5,000 years ago. They are specifically known for their high density of vitamins and nutrients, rapid growth, and resilience in adverse weather conditions. In fact, Capt. James Cook, the storied voyager, famously created a regimen of lemons and varieties of sprouts to help his sailors overcome scurvy (lack of Vitamin C) during their long voyages.

Grains: brown rice, alfalfa, rye, millets and oats are examples of grains that can be sprouted. The protein and fat when sprouted are converted to the component amino acid and fatty acids and hence increase bioavailability.

Legumes: Beans, lentils, chickpeas, kidney beans, lima beans are popular sprouts. They are proven to increase HDL (the good cholesterol) and lower LDL (the bad guy).

Vegetables: Broccoli, radish, snow peas, red cabbage all have high nutritional & medicinal values and are known as a good cover against several cancers, cardiovascular health, and even some form of asthmas.

Not only are they nutrition-dense, but they also make it easier for our body to receive it.


Inside the seed’s outer shell (the bran), the plant embryo (the germ) relies on the seed’s endosperm — the starchy food supply — to fuel its growth. This germinating process breaks down some of the starch, which makes the percentage of nutrients higher. It also breaks down phytate, a form of phytic acid that binds to minerals like magnesium, zinc and iron, making them harder to digest.

Effectively, sprouting increases B-Vitamins, Carotene, Vitamin C and mineral absorption in our bodies.

It is estimated that there are up to 100 times more beneficial enzymes in sprouts than in raw vegetables. The rapidly growing sprouts need these enzymes for their own growth and cellular health and this makes them beneficial for us to consume as well.

Sprouts are also great immunity boosters


Apart from these enzymes, Sprouts also contain antioxidants that support healthy cell regeneration and protect against free radical damage. For example, Broccoli sprouts contain sulforaphane (up to 100X more than an adult plant) which helps fight cancerous cell mutations. Alfalfa sprouts are a source of saponins, which help balance cholesterol and support the immune system.

So, are all sprouts good?


Firstly, not all seeds and nuts sprout. Some nuts, like pecans and walnuts do not sprout and are better to soak. Soaking is also a good way to reduce the harmful compounds in some nuts, beans and seeds that are hard to sprout.

Sprouts may also be susceptible to carrying bacteria that cause food borne illnesses. In some instances, they have even been connected to outbreaks of Salmonella and E. coli.
It is recommended to not eat raw sprouts without thoroughly washing them. Ideally sauté, steam, stir fry or cook them lightly anyway you like. Add lime and your favorite herbs or spices where needed, as they help bioavailability of some nutrients embedded in the sprouts.

Welcome yet another superstar into your diets.



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Essential Minerals in our Food

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ESSENTIAL MINERALS IN OUR FOOD

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Essential Minerals in our Food

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Essential minerals in or food
 The human body is an amazing machine with millions of biochemical reactions taking place whether we are awake or sleeping. Today we will focus on minerals and trace elements.

Minerals and trace elements are chemicals required for our body’s biochemical processes. Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, Magnesium are some examples of minerals that our body cannot make and is only available through food. Trace elements include Zinc, Copper, Chromium, Selenium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Cobalt and Iodine. The reason they are known as trace elements is because the amount required by our body is extremely small. 

These minerals come together for critical daily functions: Zinc, Iodine, Copper and Cobalt are important for protein and bone formation while Molybdenum and Selenium helps to prevent toxins and free radicals from building up in our body. Manganese is vital for the metabolism of protein and carbohydrate while Chromium helps insulin to regulate blood sugar

Today, let’s examine foods rich in minerals and trace elements. As always, pay the farmer, not the pharmacy!

Nuts: not just an omega-3 source, also high on essential minerals

Most of the commonly-eaten nuts provide magnesium in good quantities, and in addition, almonds, peanuts & pistachios are high in potassium, walnuts in phosphorus, brazil nuts in selenium, the list goes on. So it’s best to eat a combination of nuts daily, to get in all the minerals you need. Interestingly, roasting nuts doesn’t diminish minerals, so no worries there. But roast dry to be healthier, avoid the oil & salt.

Legumes : good source of the key minerals

The legume family – beans and lentils – provide more than fiber and protein. They’re also a good source of important minerals like iron, manganese, potassium, folates, zinc and more. To get a greater range of minerals, include a variety of beans & lentils in your diet. Beans contain phytic acids that inhibit full mineral absorption by the body, so soak overnight and discard the soaking water, as that eliminates the acids.

Leafy vegetables are a rich source of potassium

Potassium is a crucial mineral that regulates the fluid balance in cells, keeps muscle and nerves healthy, reduces blood pressure and the risk of strokes or heart attacks and cleanses the kidneys. Leafy green vegetables like Swiss Chard, Spinach, Bok Choy and Brussels Sprouts are excellent sources of potassium. Try steaming them without too much water, so you keep the nutrients more intact and bioavailable. 

Whole grains deliver more than just carbohydrates

We tend to forget that the bran and germ in wholegrains also deliver beneficial minerals. Popcorn is one example which contains a high amount of magnesium and fiber. Magnesium is like the unsung hero of the movie – it doesn’t get the same attention as other minerals but is involved in more than 300 biochemical reactions in our body. Magnesium also encourages secretion of parathyroid hormones that are essential for calcium absorption, leading to strong bone health.



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Cruciferous Superheroes

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CRUCIFEROUS SUPERHEROES

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Cruciferous Superheroes

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While this newsletter focuses on holistic diets covering a range of plant-based food groups, we want to call out a superstar food group – the cruciferous vegetables! Native to temperate East Asia, these vegetables can be found around the world; Broccoli, Cabbage, Mustard, Radish, Bok Choy and many more.

These low calorie vegetables cover a range of essential nutrients to support daily body functions, and phytonutrients that boost our immunity. One of the nutrients in particular, glucosinolates, gives these veggies the characteristic pungency in aroma and bitter/spicy taste. These compounds tend to break down when chopped or under heat, so best to eat raw or very lightly cooked, to retain the benefits.

There are more than 3,000 species of cruciferous vegetables, but what is clear is that we often do not get enough in our diets!

Turnips: the greens are underrated!
The turnip provides an amazing bounty of nutrients like fibre and Vit C. What we commonly eat is the beautiful white or purple ‘root’. But did you know the leaves are edible too – they taste delicious when cooked by themselves or added to a recipe. They are also an excellent source of vitamin K, 1 cup of cooked turnip greens gives you almost 600% of your daily value! The rich green leaves are also sources of the antioxidants beta-carotene and lutein.

The almighty Asparagus
White asparagus is cultivated by reducing the plant’s exposure to light, resulting in a milder taste than green asparagus. Purple asparagus is a different variety and has more sugar, leading to a nuttier taste. Researchers have identified nearly 100 different phytonutrient compounds in asparagus. Best eaten lightly steamed, enough to cook them so they digest easier but not too much that they get soggy and wilt. A dash of lemon, salt and pepper and you don’t need anything else to enjoy their unique flavour. 

Broccoli: not just a pretty flower
Broccoli is a fantastic source of vitamin K, C, B, E, chromium, folate and even omega-3 fatty acids. It also contains sulforaphane which has cardiovascular benefits and anti-cancer & tumour reduction properties. Sulforaphanes begin breaking down when the plant surface is disrupted (chewing or chopping), so cook lightly and retain some of the crunch! Either steam them a little or better yet, stir fry at high heat for a few minutes with some herbs and spices and toss into your favorite dishes. 

Swiss chard: easy everyday superfood
Contrary to what its name suggests, Swiss chard is native to the coastal regions of Southern Europe. The bright red and yellow hues in Swiss chard are due to the presence of betalain. This phytochemical is present in only a few plants, but is gaining attention due to its high antioxidant activity, and ability to inhibit systemic inflammation. Chards are best eaten raw as salad or even a wrap, or lightly and quickly stir-fried in a wok, so as to retain their beautiful colors, nutrients and flavour. Toss in a wok with some ginger, garlic, sesame and soy sauce – delicious! 



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Mushrooms: a humble culinary wonder

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MUSHROOMS: A HUMBLE CULINARY WONDER

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Mushrooms: a humble culinary wonder

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The humble mushroom has been prized for centuries; the Greeks believed it imbued strength in warriors, the Chinese treasured mushrooms as a source of vitality and the Romans believed it to be the “food of the gods”. There are over 2,000 species of mushrooms that we know of, but less than 30 that are accepted as food. Even fewer are cultivated commercially. 

Mushrooms have a fantastic nutritional profile – low in calories & fat, rich in protein, minerals and vitamins. They are also highly valued for their culinary uses in providing different textures and imparting umami flavours to any dish. 

Ancient cultures have also treasured mushrooms for their healing properties and pharmacological properties. While the evidence around mushrooms’ medical properties is still being built up, there are promising results of how the various bioactive compounds have antitumour & anti-inflammatory properties, stimulate immune receptors, protect against cognitive degeneration and promote healthy cell growth.

Today, we explore a few of these culinary wonders.

Button mushrooms: the world’s most popular mushroom!
White when immature, button mushrooms grow into the full-size portobello. 100g of mushrooms (white) contains 22 kcal, is high in protein and fiber, a good source (>20% DV) of vitamin B complexes, and rich in the antioxidant selenium which helps prevent cell and tissue damage. Known by many names (Swiss Brown / chestnut / champignon / Cremini), this mushroom is cultivated in more than 70 countries and is the most commonly eaten mushroom in the world!

Shiitake mushrooms are anti-inflammatory superheroes
We previously wrote about shiitake mushrooms as one of the few plant-based sources of vitamin B12. Studies also indicate anti-inflammatory benefits in tiny quantities – one single large shiitake mushroom lowers the inflammation messaging molecule in our bodies, while promoting anti-inflammatory compounds! Additionally, shiitake mushrooms contain high levels of eritadenine, a unique phytonutrient that reduces blood vessel constriction.

King Oyster Mushroom: A heavyweight in nutrition
Packed with protein, vitamin B complexes, minerals such as potassium, iron, copper, zinc and dietary fibers, the King Oyster Mushroom is nutritionally dense at less than 35 kcal per 100g. Hailed for their meaty texture, the mushroom has been frequently used as a meat substitute. Animal trials have shown King Oyster mushrooms to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, while also lowering cholesterol.

Lion’s Mane Mushrooms help neurons grow
Buddhist monks used the ground mushroom powder for tea, believing it enhanced their focus and concentration during meditation – and they were not far off! While the science surrounding this super mushroom is in its infancy, there is strong evidence of the therapeutic benefits it brings. The unique polysaccharides (sugar compounds) help reduce stress-induced neurocell death, stimulate nerve growth and increase brain function. 

 



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Nutrition and spine health

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NUTRITION AND SPINE HEALTH

Blog > Nutrition and spine health

Nutrition and spine health

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The spine is made up of 33 individual bones, with a myriad of tissues, muscles, joints, roots and intervertebral discs that interplay together to help in our daily movement. While there are several types of spinal injuries, we want to focus on the issue of disc health.

These intervertebral discs are mainly made up of collagen and proteoglycans, gel-like substances that hold the spines together and function as a shock absorber. To understand disc health is to understand the chemistry between the two.

Disc degradation happens as part of everyday wear and tear. When damaged, our body naturally synthesises and replaces the collagen and proteoglycans. When this homeostatic process is disrupted, our discs begin to degrade and eventually tear, leading to painful disc herniation (or slipped discs).

Researchers have yet to uncover the exact details of how this disruption occurs, but it appears that chronic inflammation is the primary cause. So, avoid processed foods, foods with excess sugar and refined carbohydrates. Look for whole foods in grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes and nuts.

Today, we dive back into foods with high anti-inflammatory properties. Let’s pay the farmer, not the pharmacy.

Turmeric: essential for your kitchen pharmacy
The compound curcumin in Turmeric is a proven anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory & antioxidant. In particular, scientists have researched its effect on intervertebral disc inflammation, concluding curcumin as an attractive complementary remedy. A simple way to include more turmeric in your diet; mix ¼ tsp of turmeric with warm water and lemon juice.

Vegetables: Eat fresh and lightly cooked for anti-inflammatory phytonutrients
We might sound like a broken record here, but there’s no underscoring how important vegetables are for our diet! To make sure you benefit from their unique anti-inflammatory benefits, make sure to purchase high-quality vegetables, consume them fresh and cook lightly. Go for dark green leafy vegetables like Spinach, Kale, Bok Choy and Arugula.

 

Flaxseeds: easy everyday food rich in omega-3s
Flaxseeds come out on top for their omega-3 content (2 tbsp provides 130% DV!), particularly in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). ALA is has been found to be heat-stable up to 150C, making ground flaxseeds an easy addition to muffins and other breads. ALA is the simplest of the omega-3 fats and is the key building block for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) which provide inflammatory protection.

Mangosteen: beautiful and delicious ‘Queen of Fruits’
A thick purple outer skin protects the tender white flesh inside. Native to tropical South East Asia, it’s a true delicacy – juicy sweetness with a hint of tartness. Mangosteen contains good amounts of the antioxidant xanthone, that reduces inflammation, protects cells from damaging free radicals. It’s considered ‘cooling’ for digestion in traditional Chinese medicine, often used as traditional remedies for sore throats and high blood pressure.

 



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Food Feature: Broccoli

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FOOD FEATURE: BROCCOLI

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Food Feature: Broccoli

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Broccoli

Love it or hate it, the broccoli is a nutrient superhero that has been highly prized across civilisations!

Essentially a large edible flower, this cruciferous wonder can be found in most grocery aisles and in many cuisines around the world. We look at some of its history, and it’s nutrition today.

History of the broccoli
Native to the Mediterranean, the broccoli started out as a wild cabbage. The ancient Etruscan civilisation – who lived in what is today Tuscany – were considered to be horticultural geniuses and best credited with cultivating and domesticating the broccoli we have today. The Romans also prized it for its taste and nutritional benefits. Served boiled with a mixture of spices, onion and wine, or with creamy sauces, they also used to eat broccoli raw before banquets so their bodies could absorb alcohol better. With the passage of time, the little tree spread from southern Italy towards the rest of Europe and America in the 19th century where it became known as ‘Italian asparagus’.

Broccoli: tiny trees that pack in the nutrition
You will want to include broccoli often in your diet to enjoy its fantastic heath benefits. A 1 cup serving of cooked broccoli is a rich source of almost all vitamins, and minerals like choline, potassium and magenesium, and even omega-3 fatty acids. While it is a nutritionally dense vegetable, be careful not to overcook it which can lead to mushy texture and loss in nutrients. Check out broccoli sprouts as well; these little wonders are usually harvest between 10-14 days of planting, and contain higher concentrations of antioxidants

 

Broccoli: A potent cancer fighter!
Most research on broccoli have focused on its radical cancer fighting benefits. Apart from its nutritional density, broccoli contains several powerful phytochemicals like sulforaphane and glucosinolate. These compounds aid in reduced inflammation and recent studies show their role in lowering cancer risk. To enjoy these benefits, it is best to eat broccoli raw as cooking locks in the phytochemicals, making it unavailable to the body.

Know your broccolis
Kai Lan – best known as the Chinese broccoli, or Chinese Kale, historians believe that this plant was cultivated from cabbages that were brought to Asia by early Portuguese explorers. Kai Lan has a noticeably more bitter taste than broccoli, and its leaves are thicker, flatter and a distinct glossy blue-green.

Broccolini – actually a cross between the broccoli and the Kai Lan, the broccolini has long slender stalks with clusters of buds at the tip. Sweeter and with overtones of mustard, the stalks are less fibrous than broccoli and don’t require peeling.

Romanesco – Also called a Roman cauliflower or broccoli, this is a close cousin of the broccoli, but not actually derived from the broccoli. In terms of taste and texture, it is closer to the cauliflower, but may have a slightly nuttier, milder flavour. However, it also has a more tender texture and can be overcooked easily. Despite the name the Romanesco

Broccoli Raab (Rapini/Rabe) – technically a closer cousin to the turnip, the Rabe is best known for its sharp bitter edge and earthiness.

In general, the greener the plant, the better it is. Yellowing florets or soft stems indicate that it is no longer fresh. Enjoy these broccolis steamed, broiled, roasted, grilled or even raw!

 



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Sodium & Potassium – Fraternal twins, alike yet different

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Sodium & Potassium – Fraternal twins, alike yet different

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Sodium & Potassium – Fraternal twins, alike yet different

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Sodium and Potassium form an electrolyte partnership that regulates blood & fluid volume in our body. Where potassium helps maintain fluid content inside cell walls, sodium is necessary for fluid regulation outside cell walls. This difference in pressure gives rise to an important process that conducts electricity between cells, enabling everything from controlling muscles to sending nerve messages.

The average adult requires only 200 milligrams of sodium a day, compared to 4,700 milligrams of potassium. However, with processed and convenience foods and more meals eaten outside, our diets have inverted that ratio and we tend to eat far more sodium than we need, and in multiples more when compared to potassium. Researchers have shown that this excess sodium level results in high incidence of cardiovascular issues like high blood pressure and heart attack. Additionally, there is mounting evidence of the negative impact of excess sodium on bone health and the need for greater balance of potassium levels.

In all, it’s a good idea to cut the salt. Look out for some of these potassium-rich foods to balance the scales.

Bok Choy: potassium-rich crucifer
Originating from China, the name in Cantonese is roughly translated into “white vegetable”. This vegetable is a staple stir fry in many Chinese households, and is the base for fermented Kimchi. Amongst the cruciferous family, Bok Choy has some of the highest concentrations of glucosinolates, a cancer-fighting compound. A 1-cup serving of cooked Bok Choy provides up to 600mg of potassium (13% DV), and is a rich source of antioxidants like vitamin A and vitamin K.

Celery: delicious flavor and crunch, but also sensible nutrients
Celery is more than just a flavorful juice, soup or salad ingredient. It’s a veggie to be taken seriously. One cup provides 30% daily value Vit K. Celery also provides enough potassium, folates, dietary fiber for the day, with lower amounts of Vit A, some B, C. It’s rich in antioxidants like flavonols that prevent systemic inflammation. If you’re on a diet, celery is a great way to provide satiety quickly – one cup chopped provides 1.6g fiber.

Squash: a quick guide to potassium levels
The levels vary across the varieties, but they are all still healthy sources of potassium.  ‘Winter’ squashes like the acorn, butternut, buttercup, hubba, pumpkin, Japanese kabocha, spaghetti & turban are rich in potassium, providing 250 – 445 mg per ½ cup cooked. The others like bitter melon, silk squash, fuzzy melon, winter melon, chayote, pattypan, globe, scallopini, yellow squash and zucchini are lower in comparison, with ½ cup providing 90 – 250 mg potassium.

Fennel: an aromatic defender against many ailments
Fennel has a long history as a charm against evil spirits, ancient remedies and even as an appetite suppressant for fasting. 100g of fennel gives 414 mg potassium, or 9% of the recommended DV. This helps in regulating the blood pressure. Fennel also has significant amounts of fibre (3.1g per 100g), that helps in digestion and metabolism. Fennel also has other rare micronutrients like selenium and copious amounts of Vitamin C and B6, along with zero cholesterol, that helps maintain heart health, boosts immunity and promotes skin health. 



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Fruits and Vegetables: fresh, frozen or canned – what’s best for you?

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Fruits and Vegetables: fresh, frozen or canned – what’s best for you?

Blog > Fruits and Vegetables: fresh, frozen or canned – what’s best for you?

Vitamin K and its health benefits

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Fruits & vegetables are major sources of macronutrients like fiber, vitamins, and phytochemicals that are important for and in supporting overall wellness. When fruits and vegetables are transported long distances, they begin to undergo moisture and nutrient losses – its best to consume them fresh and within hours from harvest.

Unfortunately, such immediate consumption is not always available nor feasible for everyone. While new technologies (e.g. urban farming) are making this a reality, food companies have traditionally used various processing methods such as freezing, canning, drying, concentrates, fermentation etc. to make produce stable and available all year round.

But what’s the verdict? Are frozen produce less than their fresh counterparts? When is processing desirable? What do we need to know?

 


Nutrients are affected differently by processing

Water soluble vitamins such as Vitamin C and B6 are most vulnerable to processing. Produce rich in these vitamins include papaya, spinach, citrus fruits, cauliflower and cabbage. Where possible, buy these fresh and consume quickly – even storing them in the refrigerator can lead to significant losses.

Fat soluble vitamins such as A (including carotenoids) and E are less affected by processing as their oil-soluble nature helps to keep these nutrients from leaching into the cooking liquid. Some foods include almonds, kale, avocado and Swiss chard.

Minerals and fibers in fruit and vegetables are largely not affected by processing. For some nutrients, such as lycopene in tomatoes, their availability is enhanced as heat induces the release of this nutrient from the cellular matrix of fresh tomatoes.

Canned foods: in soft pouches or hard cans, provide nutrition & safety

Canning cooks food at high temperatures (120C / 248F) & pressure that kills dangerous bacteria, preserving food for months without artificial chemicals, and yet retaining flavor and nutrition. Key nutrients like protein, carbohydrate, fiber, fat and many vitamins & minerals are retained or even enhanced by this heating process. In addition, canning in both hard cans and soft pouches is inexpensive, and provides tasty and nutritious food to even those on a tight budget.

Fresh Fruits vs Frozen: what’s the truth on nutrition?
Fruits are highly seasonal, yet we tend to have a wide range readily available throughout the year. During transit, fresh fruits are exposed to air and light which in turn causes it to undergo oxidation leading to lower nutrients. Frozen fruits on the other hand are normally frozen right after harvest. The process literally ‘freezes in’ the inherent flavor and nutrition. Your best choice: buy local fruits fresh and don’t hesitate to indulge in more ‘exotic’ frozen fruits. They are good for you.

Urban farming: genuine solutions to reduce ‘food miles’
With advances in technology and the wider availability of sensors, we are now able to finely control the growing environment in farms to suit a plant’s needs regardless of the climate. Furthermore, these farms are increasingly automated and space-efficient, growing as much as 100 times more produce than a typical farm of the same size. This means we can now grow nearer to consumers, whether in the city or in remote areas. In fact, you might just see it in your grocery aisles next! Look out for these products; they cost more but are worth their weight in nutrients.

 



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