Healing food systems known for centuries

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HEALING FOOD SYSTEMS KNOWN FOR CENTURIES

Blog > Healing food systems known for centuries

Healing food systems known for centuries

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Healing food systems known for centuries
 The Incas, Mayans, ancient Chinese, Indians, Mediterraneans had long ago figured out that “we are what we eat”, and correspondingly built up a staggering knowledge of plants, nutrition and their impact on our wellness. In many ways scientists today are still playing catch up as they point out goodness of chemicals & molecules in foods through “analysis”, “evidence-based science” and “observation”.

This newsletter is committed to providing you evidence-based tips that will uncover the magical pharmacy in our kitchens. We love meta studies and peer reviewed articles, but we also hear the voices of our elders speaking to us through the centuries, gently guiding us to be aware that we are what we eat.

Today, we explore 2 ancient but powerful systems, still being practiced, though a mere shadow of their former selves, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Ayurveda. There is much to learn. Superfoods are different for different people. There’s logic to seasonal foods, occupation-based diets, stage of life foods, importance of color in foods, personality-based diets etc.

TCM: foods are Yin or Yang, but balance is key!


While western nutrition classifies food based on the macro and micronutrients, TCM classifies it by its Yin (cool/cold) or Yang (warm/hot) energy. The principle is that imbalances in Yin-Yang lead to ill health; eating to restore the imbalance keeps the body at optimal health. Yang foods invigorate and fuel, while Yin foods calm, purge excess toxins, dampness or dryness in the body.

Yin foods: tofu, watermelon, starfruit, watercress, cucumber, cabbage.
Yang foods: apricot, leek, cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger, egg, most animal protein.

TCM: eating with the seasons


It’s no accident that we crave something cooling in the summer. TCM advises linking food & seasonal effects.

Spring – a time of renewal; reduce dampness in the body with corn, white beans, onions. Summer; cool down with watermelon, cucumber. Autumn – the shortening of days and onset of cold; lubricate with snow peas and honey. Winter – for deep reflection and restoration; embrace the slower energy with warming root veggie stews and spices.

Ayurveda classifies people along energy types or ‘Doshas’.


The duality of Yin and Yang of TCM is matched by the trinity in Ayurveda- the 3 ‘doshas’ that define body type, health, personality:
Vata (space & air): energetic, intense, creative.
Pitta (fire & water): intelligent, joyful, driven.
Kapha (earth & water): calm, loving, lethargic

Ayurvedic practitioners can identify physical & health traits for each dosha & personalize dietary advice based on this deep understanding.

Ayurveda’s fundamental advice for healthy eating.


1. Include diverse foods in every meal (‘the six tastes’) to ensure balance.
2. Stop eating when satisfied, not full.
3. Eat freshly cooked foods for energy.
4. Focus on your food while eating, so you are truly nourished.
5. Make lunch the largest meal and keep dinner light.

And consult an Ayurvedic practitioner to identify what food works best for you.

We know our body reacts well to certain foods and is indifferent to others. Let’s be acutely aware of how we feel after every meal. This heightened awareness will make us eat better, feel better.



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Ancient grains making a comeback

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ANCIENT GRAINS MAKING A COMEBACK

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Ancient grains making a comeback

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Ancient grains making a comeback
Modern wheat is a relatively recent crop, a hybrid descendant of ancient grains like spelt, einkorn, and emmer. However, with increasing interest in home baking and growing awareness about gluten-sensitivity, ancient grains have begun to re-emerge in our dietary landscape.

It’s not a technical term but simply refers to cereals (like kamut, bulgur), millets (foxtail, kodo millet) and pseudo grains (teff, kaniwa) that have been part of ancient culture for millennia and have not seen much scientific intervention – no genetic modification, hybridization or excessive use of synthetic fertilizers and chemicals. Apart from being “more natural”, these ancient grains also have higher levels of nutrients and minerals.

Ancient grains are now increasingly available in grocery stores, and cookery books and shows are also showcasing ways to cook and incorporate these wonderful grains in modern diets. Take a break from highly modified wheats and explore the amazing world of these purer grains that truly embody ‘ancient wisdom’.

Kaniwa: Gluten free, Vitamin Rich Leaf & Grain

Say hello to Kaniwa (or Cañihua), a pseudo grain that looks and sounds like Quinoa. Both contain all 9 essential amino acids. It’s origins are in the Andes in S. America, and has been a staple for centuries. It can be cooked and used in recipes where you use wholegrains like quinoa. A ¼ cup uncooked Kaniwa provides a whopping 7g protein (14% DV) and 3g dietary fiber (12% DV).

Spelt: the 5000 BC Mesopotamian grain with terrific health values

A close member of the wheat family, Spelt is still consumed in Germany and Switzerland as ‘dinkelbrot’ bread. Mostly used as flour or as a steamed whole grain in salads, stews, and other dishes. A 100 gms of cooked spelt provides 15% DV fiber, 12% protein, 12% magnesium, 9% iron and 11% zinc. It’s very beneficial for heart health, diabetes, blood pressure, aids regularity and maintains gut health.

Farro: wholegrain from ancient Egypt, called “Pharaoh’s Wheat”

This ancient version of wheat has 3 strains, the most common of which is Emmer, consumed today in Europe. It’s a nutritious grain – a half cup of cooked Farro provides 4 g protein and 3.5 g fiber, almost double that of brown rice. Also packed with essential minerals and cyanogenic glucosides that help lower cholesterol, pressure and sugar, and boost immunity. The Pharaohs knew all this back then!

Teff: an ancient Ethiopian grain that’s packed with nutrition

Teff is a drought-resistant staple food crop of Ethiopia, dating back to the Abyssinian civilisation. It’s gluten-free and a good substitute for wheat or rice, and can be eaten as a cooked whole grain or ground into flour. A ¾ cup cooked teff provides 6.5g protein, 4g fibre & 21% daily value iron. It’s low GI, so it helps regulate blood sugar and its high fibre content regulates digestion.



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Food Feature: Bamboo Shoots

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FOOD FEATURE: BAMBOO SHOOTS

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Food Feature: Bamboo Shoots

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Food Feature: Bamboo Shoots

 

We often think of pandas as gentle giants, but did you know that they actually consume as much protein as most other carnivorous animals? Young bamboo shoots can comprise nearly 30% protein, and play an important role in the panda’s diet! These herbivores are definitely onto something!

At around the 2nd week, new bamboo canes (or the bamboo shoots) are harvested as food. These are crisp, tender stalks that have a similar crunch to asparagus, and a sweetness similar to corn. While the bamboo tree is a perennial crop, bamboo shoots tend to be harvested during the winter and spring seasons.

Bamboo shoots are a popular cooking ingredient in South-East Asia and can be cooked in many different ways, boiled, sauteed, braised, slow-cooked with other vegetables or even stir-fried! Make sure to boil it thoroughly first as the raw shoots contain a fatal toxin called hydrocyanic acid.

A short history of bamboo

The bamboo plant has a long storied history in Chinese civilisation, prized for its use as a building material and for its delicious shoots. Originating in Southern China, bamboo tree cultivation gradually spread across South America and Africa. Evidence of bamboo shoots being eaten as food can be found in ancient Chinese literature dating back to the Tang dynasty (7th century AD) which talked about the benefits of these little shoots. As bamboo thrives in the tropical and subtropical climates, its cultivation has remained largely concentrated in East and South East Asia. However, you might just be able to find canned bamboo shoots near you! If you have the luxury of finding raw bamboo shoots, preparation is simple; make an incision to expose the soft flesh, cover with water and simmer for 30 mins. Soak in cold water to remove any excess bitterness.

Bamboo Shoots: Nutrition packed with a crunch!

Bamboo shoots are not only tasty but they are also packed full with nutrients! A one cup serving of cooked shoots gives 18% daily value of potassium, 17% of fiber and 7% of protein. Bamboo shoots also possess unique lignans and phenolic compounds that have potential for anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. All this at a mere 14 calories!

Bamboo and its use in Traditional Chinese Medicine

The use of bamboo shoots in traditional medicine was first recorded in pharmaceutical texts during the Ming Dynasty (14th-17th century). The four main parts of bamboo that are used include the bamboo shavings, dried sap, liquid sap and leaves. These are characterised as having a ‘cooling’ effect in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and are used to treat ailments ranging from acute fevers to phlegm, asthma, even eczema. Scientists are also studying the extracts of bamboo leaves for promising antioxidant effect on diabetes and cancer.

Good food that’s also great for the environment

Apart from its rich nutrition, there are many reasons why this versatile superfood is ready to take the world by storm! As a tree crop, bamboo grows quickly, sometimes hitting spurts of 1m in a day. The bamboo tree itself also absorbs carbon dioxide and produces 30% more oxygen than an equivalent mass of trees. With the tensile strength of steel, this is one of nature’s own building material! There are countless other uses for bamboo; in furniture, as cooling fibers for clothing, musical instruments, a natural deodorizer, for paper, even bamboo beer!



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Boosting Our Immune System

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BOOSTING OUR IMMUNE SYSTEM

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Boosting Our Immune System

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Boosting Our Immune System

Global stats on COVID are on the rise again with some countries being hit particularly hard. We wanted to revisit the topic of keeping our immune system up as the environment around us changes.

We need to eat right for our immune system to function right. A whole host of different reactions go on during our immune response, in turn require various requisite minerals and nutrients, and also burning more energy. To replenish this, we advocate for a wide range of whole-food plant-based foods across vegetables, fruits, spices, grains, legumes etc. Today, we want to revisit kitchen staples that can be great contributors to our immunity, and show how these humble ingredients can unlock our kitchen pharmacy.

Zinc helps to fight viruses and bolster immunity
Zinc is the second most common element in the body after iron. It is a trace mineral involved in many biological processes in our immune system, and has been shown to actively block replication of viruses in cell cultures. In addition, the body also needs zinc to make proteins and DNA, our body’s building blocks. Nuts and seeds are food sources rich in zinc. 1 tbsp of sesame seeds or pumpkin seeds  give nearly 8% of our daily requirement of zinc!

Vitamin D: the sunshine vitamin builds up our white blood cells
Vitamin D is one of many hormones involved in the maturation of white blood cells, our first line against most types of infection. In particular, researchers have uncovered a relatively consistent link between low vitamin D level and increased risk of respiratory infection. 10-30 minutes of sunlight several times per week is enough to provide the required vitamin D. However with reduced exposure to sunlight, you may want to look to mushrooms which are a great source of natural vitamin D. 

Vitamin E is a potent antioxidant!A major component of our body’s antioxidant defence, multiple studies have observed how deficiency of vitamin E can significantly lower immune response, and even respiratory infections in elderly people. Vitamin E is a group of 8 fat-soluble nutrients that include 4 tocopherols and 4 tocotrienols. 1 cup of cooked spinach gives almost a quarter of our daily requirements of vitamin E. Avoid cooking at high heats as this will destroy the vitamin E in your foods.

 

Fruits & Vegetables: Eat the colors of the rainbow for your five-a-day
While the rainbow may not be the technically accurate description, fruits & vegetables broadly fall into five color groups. Each color is a carrier of specific phytochemicals that perform some unique functions including cell development, immune support and fighting specific diseases. 

 

RED: Lycopene is the antioxidant that gives these fruits & vegetables their unique color. Its heart healthy and helps fight cancers.

 

PURPLE: Anthocyanin is the water-soluble flavonoid that imparts the colors purple, blue and red.  They are anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and have anti-cancer benefits.

 

ORANGE: Carotenoids are fat-soluble antioxidants in foods the most popular or familiar is beta-carotene that is converted to Vitamin A in the body. TIP: Cooking/chopping these vegetables releases more nutrients that eating these raw or whole.

 

GREEN: Indoles, Saponin & carotenoids are phytochemicals in green leafy vegetables known to have anti-cancer properties.

 

BROWN/WHITE: Allicin, quercetin & Sulphoraphane are compounds along with Vitamin C and potassium in these fruits and vegetables. Known anti-inflammatory, promotes heart health & cholesterol.



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Tubers: Nature’s answer to affordable energy

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TUBERS: NATURE’S ANSWER TO AFFORDABLE ENERGY

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Tubers: Nature’s answer to affordable energy

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When we think of tubers like potatoes, sweet potatoes, yam, cassava, Taro etc. their similarity to grains hardly strikes us, yet tubers and grains are the main source of inexpensive energy in the plant kingdom.
 
Some brown tubers contain decent amounts of Vitamin C and the white & yellow varieties have beta carotene. Sweet Potatoes are nutritionally dense – rich in Vitamin A, (100% DV) Vit C and B6, but in calories and carbs they are similar to potatoes. But they are all good sources of dietary fiber. The wisdom lies in not combining tubers with starch-heavy foods like cereals (rice, wheat, corn etc.), but to enjoy them separately. While corn and potatoes, potato burgers and even aloo parathas are delicious, those double carbs and calories will add up quickly. Moderation may be the key word.
 
Not surprisingly, steaming has proven to release significantly better nutrients than frying.

Sweet Potato: don’t be fooled by the name, this is high nutrition
Sweet potato is a root vegetable but it’s young leaves and shoots are also edible. Rich in fibers and a range of vitamins and minerals like iron, calcium and B Vitamins and Vitamin C. These orange tubers are loaded with beta carotene, so important for immunity and vision. Simply pop one or two in the oven at 180 C for 45 minutes and you have a healthy delicious treat! 
 
Beets contain a unique mix of antioxidants

Technically more a root vegetable than tuber, Beets originated from the Mediterannean where they were first cultivated for their leaves than the fleshy roots, Beets are packed with minerals and vitamins and most notably belatain. A powerful antioxidant, belatain also supports the body’s inflammatory and detoxification system. Prepare with minimal cooking to retain the belatain goodness; studies recommend steaming under 15mins or roasting under an hour.

Turnips: tubers that are related to healthy crucifers like broccoli
Turnips are packed with all the goodness of crucifers like broccoli or cabbage. 1 cup cooked turnip provides 12% daily value fiber, 30% Vit C, 7% potassium. That one cup helps keep the gut healthy and regular, helps lower pressure by releasing sodium from the body, has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Best part is, turnips are versatile, and can be cooked in so many ways – boiled, sauteed, roasted, baked.

Taro Root: also known as Colocasia or ‘Arbi’ in Hindi
Under a tough brown outer skin is the creamy, starchy taro root with a delicate flavor. Popular in South Asia and Africa, it’s traditionally pounded into ‘meal’ or roasted or sauteed with spices. It’s a good source of fiber and complex carbs like amylose and amylopectin. Taro is also rich in potassium, iron, Vit E and antioxidants & made up of healthy resistant starch, so good for gut health.

 

Chinese Yam: called Shan Yao or ‘cinnamon vine’, is used in TCM
The Chinese Yam, despite it’s name, is not really a yam. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescribes it’s consumption for it’s amazing nutrients. It contains the compound, allantoin, that is believed to reduce the healing time of damaged tissue, by accelerating the growth of healthy tissue. Chinese Yam is also known to have anti-oxidative properties that improve kidney & liver functions, and prevent plaque build-up in arteries.



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Mushrooms: a humble culinary wonder

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MUSHROOMS: A HUMBLE CULINARY WONDER

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Mushrooms: a humble culinary wonder

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The humble mushroom has been prized for centuries; the Greeks believed it imbued strength in warriors, the Chinese treasured mushrooms as a source of vitality and the Romans believed it to be the “food of the gods”. There are over 2,000 species of mushrooms that we know of, but less than 30 that are accepted as food. Even fewer are cultivated commercially. 

Mushrooms have a fantastic nutritional profile – low in calories & fat, rich in protein, minerals and vitamins. They are also highly valued for their culinary uses in providing different textures and imparting umami flavours to any dish. 

Ancient cultures have also treasured mushrooms for their healing properties and pharmacological properties. While the evidence around mushrooms’ medical properties is still being built up, there are promising results of how the various bioactive compounds have antitumour & anti-inflammatory properties, stimulate immune receptors, protect against cognitive degeneration and promote healthy cell growth.

Today, we explore a few of these culinary wonders.

Button mushrooms: the world’s most popular mushroom!
White when immature, button mushrooms grow into the full-size portobello. 100g of mushrooms (white) contains 22 kcal, is high in protein and fiber, a good source (>20% DV) of vitamin B complexes, and rich in the antioxidant selenium which helps prevent cell and tissue damage. Known by many names (Swiss Brown / chestnut / champignon / Cremini), this mushroom is cultivated in more than 70 countries and is the most commonly eaten mushroom in the world!

Shiitake mushrooms are anti-inflammatory superheroes
We previously wrote about shiitake mushrooms as one of the few plant-based sources of vitamin B12. Studies also indicate anti-inflammatory benefits in tiny quantities – one single large shiitake mushroom lowers the inflammation messaging molecule in our bodies, while promoting anti-inflammatory compounds! Additionally, shiitake mushrooms contain high levels of eritadenine, a unique phytonutrient that reduces blood vessel constriction.

King Oyster Mushroom: A heavyweight in nutrition
Packed with protein, vitamin B complexes, minerals such as potassium, iron, copper, zinc and dietary fibers, the King Oyster Mushroom is nutritionally dense at less than 35 kcal per 100g. Hailed for their meaty texture, the mushroom has been frequently used as a meat substitute. Animal trials have shown King Oyster mushrooms to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, while also lowering cholesterol.

Lion’s Mane Mushrooms help neurons grow
Buddhist monks used the ground mushroom powder for tea, believing it enhanced their focus and concentration during meditation – and they were not far off! While the science surrounding this super mushroom is in its infancy, there is strong evidence of the therapeutic benefits it brings. The unique polysaccharides (sugar compounds) help reduce stress-induced neurocell death, stimulate nerve growth and increase brain function. 

 



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Mad for garlic

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MAD FOR GARLIC

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Mad for garlic

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The best known member of the Allium family, garlic has enjoyed a storied history across civilisations. The Egyptian and Indian cultures referred to it some 5,000 years ago, the Babylonians grew it in their hanging gardens 4,500 years ago, the Chinese documented its medical healing 2,000 years ago. 

This pungent herb has been highly prized for its medical properties. The Egyptians valued it so much that they used garlic as currency; shortages due to flooding led to one of two recorded slave revolts. The Chinese believed it to be a source of heat to nourish and tonify. More recently in modern medicine, garlic was used on the battlefront to treat wounds and fight infection, or as an antiseptic to clean wounds.

Scientists today have linked its many benefits to a number of sulphur compounds in garlic. When cut or crushed, these sulphurous compound oxidise and form new therapeutic compounds, the most researched being allicin and ajoene

There are almost 300 varieties of garlic, but the more common ones you would find differ by their centre stalk and the number of cloves in each bulb. The hardneck garlics have a strong centre stalk and have a spicier, more complex profile – great for infusions and heavy roasts. If you prefer eating your garlic raw, go for the milder soft neck garlics that have less of a bite. For more color, you’ll want Creole garlics that come in reds, pinks and purples. And of course there’s the black garlic which we go into later.

Garlic’s active compounds reduce blood pressure and LDL 
Several human studies reveal active compounds in garlic, like allicin, diallyl disulfide & s-allyl cysteine to be as effective as medication in lowering blood pressure. In fact, they measure the dosage to be about 4 cloves garlic daily. Garlic also lowers total cholesterol, especially LDL. Interestingly, allicin in garlic actually forms in greater potency after it’s cut or crushed and exposed to air for a few minutes.

Using garlic: some useful tips to enhance nutrients and flavor
Garlic’s healthy allicin compound is best when fresh rather than packaged. After chopping, let sit 10 minutes so allicin develops. Cook on low heat to avoid burning allicin and bitter flavors. Store garlic in a cool, dry, well ventilated place and don’t refrigerate. Select garlic bulbs that are firm and have no sprouts forming. Finally, to get the smell off your hands after chopping, scrub with lemon or salt before rinsing.

Garlic: Simple Home Remedies
Garlic not only boosts our immune system but is also an antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiseptic herb.

  • Ear Pain – Warm oil, add crushed garlic, cool & strain. Put a few drops to relieve pain.
  • Pain & Swelling – Warm oil massage with crushed garlic relieves pain.
  • Cholesterol – Eating 1 raw garlic everyday reduces cholesterol and obesity.

 
Black garlic: an antioxidant-rich sweet, gelatinous treat

Black garlic is simply fresh garlic fermented at high temperatures for long periods of time. This environment facilitates the Maillard reaction which produces new flavour compounds – when you chew down on one, it’s almost like you’re eating a mild, sweet date. The allicin that gives garlic its sharp taste is significantly reduced in black garlic, and instead turns into numerous alkaloids and flavonoids, with an antioxidant bioactivity almost 10-fold that of normal garlic!



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